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Alfabeto greko

idazteko sistema fonetikoa, 24 hizki, bokalak eta kontsonanteak, greziera idazteko eta inguruko beste hizkuntza batzuk idazteko erabiltzen da

Alfabeto grekoa greziera idazteko erabiltzen den 24 letrako alfabetoa da. K.a. IX. mendean sortu zuten, feniziar alfabeto silabikoa garatuz. Greziarrek historiako lehendabiziko alfabeto osoa sortu zuten, bokal eta kontsonante bakoitzari bere ikurra emanik.[1]

Alfabeto greko arkaikoa morko batean.

Egun oraindik erabilia da, bai grezierarako, baita nazioartean ere, zientzietarako: matematika, fisika, astronomia, hizkuntzalaritza, informatika.... Adibidez, α (alfa), Δ, δ (delta), θ (teta), π (pi), Ω (omega)...

LetrakAldatu

Letra grekoen izenak ez dira beti berdin idazten Euskal Herriaren inguruko hizkuntzetan. Izenak euskaraz nola idazten diren (eta baita haien ahoskera-ezaugarriak ere) Euskaltzaindiaren 173. arauan —«Astroen izenak»— ageri da: alfa, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, eta, teta, iota, kappa, lanbda, mu, nu, xi, omikron, pi, ro, sigma, tau, upsilon, fi, khi, psi, omega.[2]

Letrak klasikoak
Larria Xehea Izena Ahoskera
А α Alfa /a/
B β Beta /b/
Γ γ Gamma /g/
Δ δ Delta /d/
E ε Epsilon /e/
Ζ ζ Zeta /z/
H η Eta /e/
Θ θ Teta /th/
I ι Iota /i/
K κ Kappa /k/
Λ λ Lambda /l/
M μ Mu /m/
N ν Nu /n/
Ξ ξ Xi /ks/
Ο ο Omikron /o/
Π π Pi /p/
Р ρ Ro /r/
Σ σ / ς Sigma /s/
Т τ Tau /t/
Υ υ Upsilon /u/
Φ φ Fi /ph/
Х χ Khi /kh/
Ψ ψ Psi /ps/
Ω ω Omega /o/
Letra zaharkituak
Larria Xehea Izena Ahoskera
Ϝ ϝ Vau edo Digamma /w/
Ϛ ϛ Stigma /st/
Ͱ ͱ Heta /h/
Ϻ ϻ San /s/
Ϙ ϙ Koppa edo Qoppa /k/
Ͳ ͳ Sampi /ss/
Ϸ ϸ Sho /sh/

ErreferentziakAldatu

  1. ↑ Navajas Twose, Eloísa; Sainz Varela, José Antonio. IDAZKERA ETA IDATZITAKOA. ARABAKO AGIRITEGI ZERBITZUA.
  2. ↑ «alfabeto grekoaren letrak eta letren izenak - Euskara Batuaren Eskuliburua» www.euskaltzaindia.eus (Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-05-27).

BibliografiaAldatu

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